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Important breeds of pigs

1. Large White Yorkshire

The large White Yorkshire is a popular English Bacon breed, which had its origin Yorkshire and neighboring countries in northern England. Yorkshire sows are noted as good mothers.

  • Bacon type breed
  • The body colour is solid white with occasional black pigmented spots called ‘freckles’
  • Other distinguishing characteristic are erect ear, snout of medium length, large in size and slightly dished face
  • Skin is pink coloured and is free from wrinkles with long and moderately fine coat. Neck is long and full to the shoulder. Back is slightly arched
  • Matured body weight boar: 300-400kg and sow 230-320kg
  • Most extensively used exotic breed in India.. It is an excellent breed for the purpose of crossbreeding

2. Middle White Yorkshire

This breed was evolved by crossing the Large White Yorkshire with smaller breed of Yorkshire extraction. The breed is accepted as excellent pork pig, reaching slaughter weight early and with a high percentage of lean meat to bone. The breed is hardy, grows rapidly, but is not as prolific as the Large White Yorkshire. Extensively used to upgrade desi pigs as it is smaller in size. Adult body weight boar: 250-340kg and sow 180-270kg.

3. Landrace

The origin of this breed is Denmark, where it has been bred and fed to produce the highest quality bacon in the world.

  • Large, long body. The breed is white in colour, although black skin spots ‘freckles’ rather common.
  • White bristles in white body
  • The breed is characterized by its long, deep side; square ham. The legs are relatively short .The carcass is more lean than that of the meat.
  • Matured body weight boar 270-360kg and sow 200-320kg.
landrace

ECONOMIC TRAITS

  • Litter Size
  • Weight at Birth.
  • Weaning Weight.
  • Litter size at Weaning.
  • Growth rate: 
    • Birth to Weaning  : Weaning wt.- ­­–birth wt./ 56
    • Weaning to 154 days: Weight at 154 days-Weaning weigh/ 98 days
    • Weight at 154 days to 210 days : Wt.at 210 days- Wt. at 154 days / 154 days.
  • Feed efficiency:  Feed consumed per of kg of Live weight.
  • Mortality percentage.

Comparison between desi Vs. Exotic (India)

  Desi Exotic
Litter size at birth 7.5 10
Birth weight (Kg.) 0.91 1.4
Weaning weight (kg.) 4.1 13.5
Weaning percentage 54 78.5
Dressing percentage 66 68
Maturity (Months) 14 8 - 10
Growth rate (gm) 70-100 over 300 gm.
Back fat thickness – (cm) 3-7 4-5

Source:

Dr. R. Mathivanan
Professor and Head,
Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 3

Updated on : Sep 2014

 

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